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tunul electronic, deplasarea de sarcini electrice și definiția curentului electric


In order to measure the intensity of electric current produced by an electron flow generated by a CRT, a circuit presented in fig 3 is used.

CRT-modified-electron-circulation01

 Figure 3. Current measurement for a CRT

With an analog micro ammeter connected into circuit there is no indication of an electric current passing through circuit. And the result was consistent for all 3 analog micro ammeters.
There is no magnetic effect of a charge displacement, in contradiction with actual electromagnetism, or this effect is at least an order of magnitude smaller then predicted by actual theory.
When a digital ammeter is introduced into circuit, an electric current is displayed on the screen. But are the indications of the digital ammeter reliable?
As example using M3800 micro ammeter, on the scale of 20 µA, a current of 11 µA,  is measured. But the same instrument, on the scale of 200 µA, for the same CRT, at the same time, a current of 60 µA is indicated.  
I was thinking in a false calibration of micro ammeter. So I have checked the instrument again, and supplementary I have bought other digital micro ammeters. The conclusions are the same. A charge displacement is inconsistent with the ,,calibrated scale” for a current measurement.
Be careful and not leave an electronic instrument with a beam of electrons passing through it for a long time because it will break it!!!!
Supplementary, when both digital micro ammeters are used on the alternate micro ampere scale, a detection of an alternate current as result of charge displacement is counted. For CRT tube the alternate current measured was 24 µA.
To summaries a comparison between a beam of electrons and a chemical source of electricity is presented in tab. 1.

   CRT source  Chemical source
 Analog micro ammeter  No current detected 
(no magnetic effect,  I = 0 )
 Current detected 
(magnetic effect,  I > 0 )
 Digital micro ammeter, DC scale  Positive response
  (magnetic effect,  I  > 0)
 Positive response
(magnetic effect,  I > 0 )
 Digital micro ammeter, alternate scale  Positive response 
(magnetic effect,   I  > 0 ) 
 Negative response
(no magnetic effect,  I = 0 )

It is completely inexplicable in the frame of actual electromagnetism how the same CRT source does not produce a magnetic effect around a conductor and give a positive response on both DC and alternate scale of a digital ammeter.
Actual theoreticians should explain what a charge displacement in reality is and how it can be included in a physics theory.
For proposed theory a charge displacement has nothing to do with an electric current

 

Experiment 2. Electrolysis and gas release experiment

 The same sources are tested for observing another effect of electrolysis, more precisely, gas release. It is well known that as result of electrode reaction, depending on the electrolytic cell composition, gases are released at one or both electrodes.
In our experiment acidulate (H2SO4) water solution is used in electrolytic cell. The water electrolysis was used in order to have a comparison between volume of gas released at anode and cathode. As far the volume of gas released is small and the time of experiment is long, I have used this chemical process in order to avoid a bias due to a possible gas release coming from the existent gas dissolved in solution. In case of another cell composition, when gas is released only at one electrode there are necessary some preliminary steps (degassing), and at more careful interpretation.   
Having in mind the size of supposed ,,current” produced by a CRT, and consequently the volume of gas released at electrodes, some adjustments are necessary for a successful experiment.
The electrodes, made by platinum metal are gloved in two pipettes parts and sealed in flame. As is observed (fig.10 bis) around electrodes a space with a volume of about 0,1 ml is formed. Before experiment starting, using micropipettes these chambers are filled with acidulated water coming from electrolytic cell. These filled electrodes are introduced in an electrolytic cell with care in order to avoid a gas intrusion into electrode chamber. If a process of electrolysis takes place, the released gas will go up in the chamber and will push the liquid down. In order to be more evident this fluid displacement, in water a small quantity of colorant or a chemical indicator is added (in our example rot phenol). 

Amount